Bladder cancer refers to one of several types of malignant tumors of the bladder. It is a disease of abnormal cells multiply without control in the bladder. The bladder is an organ, hollow muscle that stores urine, it is in the hip. The most common type of bladder cancer begins in cells lining the inside of the bladder is called transitional cell carcinoma (sometimes transitional cell carcinoma).
Bladder cancer usually causes blood in urine, to the naked eye (macroscopic hematuria) or detectable only with a microscope (hematuriamikroskopik) are seen.Other symptoms can include pain when urinating, frequent urination (polyuria) or feel the need to not urinate hasil.Tanda-signs and symptoms are not specific for bladder cancer, and caused not by the have-cancerous condition, including prostate infections and cystitis. Kidney cancer may also cause hematuria.
Smoking is an important factor for bladder cancer in most populations, smoking is more than half of all cases of bladder cancer in men and one third of cases associated with women. There is a linear relationship between smoking and risk. and stopping smoking reduces the risk. Passive smoking is not involved in a 10-year study of nearly 48,000 people. The researchers found that men who drank 1.5 liters of water per day, had a significantly reduced bladder cancer compared with men who are probably less than 240 ml (about 1 cup) of the authors that hari.Para bladder cancer drank partly by direct Contact the bladder carcinogens in the urine excreted caused, although not confirmed in other studies. occur Thirty percent of bladder tumors.
Occupational exposure to carcinogens such as benzidine employment. 2-naphthylamine contained in cigarette smoke have also shown that the risk of bladder cancer risk kemih.Pekerjaan the bus driver, rubber, machinery, leather work to increase forging, machinery and mechanical setter. Barber also in danger because of their frequent contact with considered permanent hair dyes. A study in 2008 by the World Health Organization commission concluded that "to trade the specific fruits and vegetables to reduce the risk of bladder cancer." Fruit and yellow-orange vegetables, especially carrots and selenium may be associated with a slightly reduced risk of bladder cancer. Citrus fruits and vegetables have a protective effect can be identified.
It has been suggested that mutations in HRAS, KRAS2, RB1 and FGFR3 can be linked in some cases. So for those of you who still smoke, it is considered good for a smoke we, because the effect is too smoky to the arrival of this disease. Remember, health is expensive, so do not waste your life. Staging
The following steps are used to classify the location, size and spread of cancer, according to the TNM (tumor, lymph nodes and metastases) staging system: Stage 0: Cancer cells are only in the bladder wall (this step is often referred to as stage Ta) found. Phase I: Cancer cells proliferate in the outer layer of the bladder, but not in the muscles of the bladder. Stage II: Cancer cells in the muscles of the bladder wall increased, but not in the fatty tissue that surrounds the bladder. Stage III: Cancer cells in the fatty tissue around the bladder and vagina, uterus and prostate increased, but not in lymph nodes or other organs. Stage IV: Cancer cells have proliferated in the lymph nodes, pelvic or abdominal wall, and / or other organs. Recurrent: The cancer has spread into the bladder or other organs near repeated after treatment
Treatment of bladder cancer depends on the depth of the tumor on the wall of the bladder attack. superficial tumors (which are not in the muscle layer) can be "shaved" with an electrocautery device to a cystoscope. Immunotherapy in the form of BCG instillation is also used to treat and prevent recurrence of superficial tumors. BCG immunotherapy is about two-thirds of the stadium ini.Instillations chemotherapy Valrubicin (Valstar) in the bladder can also be effectively used to treat diseases of the BCG-refractory CIS, if cystectomy is not to be Urocidin option is a phase III for this study .. Cancer patients who after treatment with BCG relapse is difficult to treat. Many doctors recommend cystectomy for pasien.Rekomendasi is in line with the official guidelines of the European Association of Urologists (EAU) and. American Urological Association (AUA), but deny many patients subjected to this life-changing surgery and would prefer a new conservative treatment options before deciding terakhir.Perangkat chemotherapy assisted radical group is to use a new technology that is used to treat bladder cancer superficial bladder This technology uses a different mechanism to facilitate the absorption and effect of chemotherapy drugs are injected directly into the bladder .. Another technology that uses electric current to the absorption of drugs. Another technology, thermo-chemotherapy using radio frequency energy directly to heat the wall of the bladder. Heat and chemotherapy showed a synergistic effect, reducing the ability of everyone to kill these cells were tumor.Teknologi been investigated by various researchers
Untreated, superficial tumors may gradually to infiltrate the muscular wall of the bladder. Tumors that infiltrate the bladder requires more banyakoperasi which some or all of the bladder is removed (kistektomia) and redirected radical urine. In some cases, experienced surgeons a substitute bladder (neobladdera) segment of intestinal tissue, but this depends of patients in particular, preferably the patient's age, renal function, and the site of disease. Combination of radiation and chemotherapy can also be treated for invasive disease.It has not been determined how the effectiveness of treatment versus radical ablative surgery. There is a small observational study of a very small (84) untukmenunjukkan that statins was associated with the use of a simultaneous failure of immunotherapy with BCG. Photodynamic diagnosis can improve surgical results in bladder cancer
Easy - I hope this information is always helpful for you and your health, especially when my message is, stay away from tobacco control study was to live a healthy life without cigarettes, and we will always be people healthy.
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